Solid phase extraction theory of solid phase extraction device
The Haozhuang (LNB) brand solid phase extraction device produced by Shanghai Haozhuang Instrument Co., Ltd. and the supporting device during the solid phase extraction operation. The Haozhuang vacuum pump makes the whole process more rapid, efficient and convenient.
The solid phase extraction device is our common extraction instrument, and its function is very powerful, but how to use it well is a problem worth studying. Today Shanghai Haozhuang will accompany you to talk about the extraction technology of the solid phase extraction device. See below:
Reverse phase separation includes a polar or medium-polar sample matrix (mobile phase) and a non-polar stationary phase. Analytes are usually medium to non-polar. Several SPE materials belong to the reverse phase category, such as alkyl- or aromatic-bonded silica gel (LC-18, ENVI-18, LC-8, ENVI-8, LC-4, and LC-Ph). Here, the hydrophilic silanol group on the surface of pure silica gel (generally particles with a pore size of 60-40 mm) is replaced by a hydrophobic alkyl or aromatic group through a silane chemical reaction. Solid phase extraction device
Due to the adsorption of the carbon-hydrogen bond in the analyte and the functional group on the surface of the silica gel, the organic analyte in the polar solution (for example, water) can be retained on these SPE substances. This nonpolar-nonpolar adsorption force is commonly referred to as van der Waals force or dispersion force. In order to elute the adsorbed compound from the reverse-phase SPE tube or chip, a non-polar solvent is generally used to destroy the force of the compound adsorbed on the packing material. LC-18 and LC-8 are standard single-bonded silica gels, while ENVI-18 and ENVI-8 are polymer-bonded fillers with high silicon surface coverage and high carbon content. This type of polymer-bonded filler has a stronger resistance to acid and alkali, so it is more suitable for environmental applications, such as enriching organic compounds from acidified liquid samples. All used bonded silica phases have a certain number of unreacted silanol groups, which will become the source of secondary interactions. This secondary interaction is very useful when extracting or retaining strongly polar analytes or contaminants, but the adsorption of analytes may also be irreversible. Solid phase extraction device
The following substances are also used in reversed-phase conditions: ENVI-Carb (carbon), ENVI-Chrom P (polymeric) and Hisep (polymerized coated silica gel). Carbon-containing adsorbent substances, such as ENVI-Carb materials, are composed of graphite and non-porous carbon. It has a high adsorption capacity for polar and nonpolar organic compounds in polar and nonpolar samples. The surface of the carbon is the atomic structure of a regular six ring, and each carbon atom is connected to each other on the graphite layer. This regular six-ring structure has a strong selectivity for certain molecules, such as planar aromatic compounds or regular six-ring-like molecules and hydrocarbon chain molecules that can form many surface contacts. The retention of the analyte depends on its structure (shape and size), not on the interaction of its functional groups with the adsorbent surface. For elution, use medium to non-polar solvents. Compared with alkyl bonded silica gel, especially when the bonded silica gel is not effective, ENVI-Carb shows unique structure and selectivity advantages.
Polymeric adsorbent substances, such as ENVI-Chrom P is a styrene-divinylbenzene substance, used to retain some hydrophobic compounds containing hydrophilic functional groups, especially aromatic compounds. Sometimes under reversed-phase conditions, phenol is difficult to retain on C18 bonded silica gel, mainly because its solubility in water is greater than the organic phase. ENVI-ChromP can retain phenol well under reversed-phase conditions. For elution, use medium-polar to non-polar solvents, because the polymeric filler is very stable to all solvents. Solid phase extraction device
Hisep is a hydrophobic group (similar to C18) bonded silica coated with a layer of hydrophilic polymer, commonly used in reversed-phase conditions. This porous polymer prevents unwanted macromolecules from being adsorbed onto the silica surface. The pore size of the polymer only allows the analyzed hydrophobic organic small molecular compounds (such as drugs) to approach the surface of the silica gel, while unneeded macromolecules (such as proteins) are isolated by the polymer layer, and there is no opportunity to access the silica gel surface The solid phase extraction tube was flushed out. Hisep solid phase extraction process is similar to LC-18 solid phase extraction process.
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