Military Packaging System Project: The Only Way to Sustainable Development of Military Packaging in the New Century

【Abstract】This paper puts forward that the military packaging system project is a fundamental solution to the deep problems of military packaging and ensures the continuous development of military packaging. It also sets targets, requirements and methods for military packaging system engineering and the work that should be strengthened in the new century. Made a more detailed discussion.
【Key words】 Military packaging system engineering development path I. Military product packaging sustainable development options Military packaging is an important measure to ensure high reliability and long life of equipment. It is the basis for the scientific management of military materials, especially for modern equipment. It is an essential condition and important technical means for weapons and equipment to enter operational use and transform into combat effectiveness. Under the leadership of the China Association of Military Products Packaging Committee, after more than ten years of hard work, our military's packaging has made great progress. Packaging has achieved rapid development and remarkable achievements have been achieved. However, in terms of military packaging as a whole, the military strategy in the new era defined by the Central Military Commission is still not suited to logistical support requirements, and there is still a big gap compared with foreign military packaging in developed countries. . Mainly manifested in: First, the military product packaging and military equipment design and production do not match, the poor transport of equipment, due to poor packaging caused by damage to the package is more serious. Secondly, when designing packaging, it often only pays attention to the safety requirements for transport loading and unloading, neglects the requirements for the use of troops for maintenance and management operations, and the secondary packaging problem of the military is very prominent. Thirdly, the level of material packaging is low, and it is not possible to smoothly implement “quick protection”, “accompanied protection” and “integrated protection”.
The main reason for the existence of the above problems is that our military's military product packaging design and production still remain in the old model of old ideas. The traditional approach is to consider the packaging problem only after the development of the equipment is completed; at the same time, the factors considered in the design of the packaging equipment are relatively single, and the applications are largely uncomplicated. Due to the lack of attention to packaging in the early stages of equipment, it was considered as a kind of work of attributes, resulting in the emergence of many congenitally deficient issues when weapons and equipment were put into use.
In order to adapt the packaging equipment to modern equipment, the US military first published MIL-STD-1367 "Packaging, Handling, Storage and Transportation Outline of System Equipment" on the basis of summarizing the experience in the development of military packaging equipment. It also issued relevant information. The Department of Defense Directives on packaging and transportation have proposed to consider the packaging, storage and transportation of equipment in the light of the system-wide life expectancy, and to introduce system engineering management into the field of packaging engineering. The practice of the US military, especially the rapid and timely dispatching of large quantities of military materials in the Gulf War in a short period of time, has played a very important role in its packaging equipment. This proves that the method used by the US military for the systematic engineering of tissue packaging equipment was successful. of.
The equipment technology of our military has become more and more complicated, and it is also facing the problem that must be solved when packaging equipment meets the needs of modern equipment. In 1991, the former Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense issued GJB1181 "General Outline for Packaging, Handling, Storage and Transportation of Equipment." This standard is based on summing up the military's first-generation packaging equipment development experience, and is based on the US military standards. Its purpose is to introduce system engineering management to the development of our military packaging equipment, that is, to change traditional concepts and models, adopt new ideas and new methods of work, and fundamentally solve the deep-seated problems of military packaging and ensure military products. Packaging continues to grow.
II. Objectives and Requirements of Military Packaging System Engineering System engineering, as an organizational management technology, studies and deals with various issues and relationships within and outside the system from an overall perspective in order to achieve optimal design, production and use of the project. Is a method of universal significance, this method is just adapted to the needs of today's military packaging equipment development. The goal of the military packaging system project is to use the theory and method of system engineering to strengthen the development of the packaging, implement life-cycle management, and to unify the protection, security, economy, and convenience of packaging, and to insist on equipment technology and military packaging. Coordinating and supporting, and developing simultaneously; saving funds and increasing benefits; further improving the rapid guarantee of military equipment and the ability of comprehensive security to meet the needs of winning local wars under modern high-tech conditions. The basic requirement of the military packaging system project is to regard the packaging equipment as an integral part of the equipment and to synchronize with the equipment for demonstration, development, and production to ensure that the requirements for packaging equipment and equipment are coordinated and comprehensively optimized. That is to say, in the stage of demonstration, the requirements for packaging, storage and transport and the objectives for determining the protection of packaging should be met; during the development stage, the packaging equipment should be installed and its performance should be evaluated; the production quality of packaging equipment (including software) must be guaranteed during the production phase. , to ensure that the ordering party can obtain the applicable packaging equipment.
This requirement embodies the system-wide life-cycle perspective of system engineering management. The so-called system-wide view is to "package equipment as an integral part of equipment." If the equipment is seen as a system, the packaging equipment is the subsystem that makes up this system. This understanding reflects the modern equipment requirements for packaging and transportation. This is very important for improving the status of packaging equipment in the development of equipment and overcoming the contempt for packaging and transportation. According to this view, when considering the packaging problem, we must proceed from the principle of integrity and comprehensively consider the effectiveness, reliability, maintainability, comprehensive logistical support, and equipment management and maintenance systems of the equipment in order to achieve the goal of overall optimization. The so-called life-cycle perspective is that the development of military packaging equipment runs through the entire process from demonstration to development and production, and is consistent with all stages of equipment development. This changes the traditional practice of considering packaging and transportation equipment only after the completion of equipment development.
Third, the main method of implementing military packaging system project GJB1181 "equipment packaging, handling, storage and transportation of general outline" provides military packaging equipment development system engineering management methods.
This is the establishment and implementation of the “Outline for Equipment Handling, Storage and Transportation” (hereinafter referred to as the “Outline”) during the development of equipment. The specific approach is: The ordering party puts forward the requirements for packaging, storage and transportation in the "Tactical and Technical Specifications and Use Requirements" of equipment development. The contractor shall formulate and implement the Outline according to the requirements of the ordering party.
The main contents of the Outline include:
(1) Define the objectives and scope of work for the development of packaging, storage and transportation equipment.
(2) Selection, improvement, and list of packaging and transportation equipment that need to be redesigned.
(3) Determine the design requirements of the packaging equipment.
(4) Put forward a design plan for packaging equipment.
(5) Determine the design guidelines for spare parts packaging.
"Outline" is the implementation of the ordering party's packaging and storage requirements, the system analysis of the pre-system analysis of the conglomerate, is to guide the design of packaging equipment, trial production, testing, identification and stereotypes and other basic documents, is the equipment development task book and design task book Part. Once the "Syllabus" has been approved, it has directive significance. The "Outline" is dynamic, that is, it is formulated by the contractor's designer system according to the requirements of the ordering party and the overall design of the equipment at the project stage, with reference to the previous experience of similar equipment packaging equipment development and the prediction of technological development. Outline. The "Outline" should be intensified with the development of design, development, and experience, and through inspections and phase reviews during implementation. It should also be gradually added, refined, and continuously improved. The "Outline" for large-scale and complex weapon systems should be hierarchical. That is, systems, sub-systems, and equipment at all levels should, according to their own specific circumstances (including the requirements of the main contractor), compile the “Outline” with appropriate coverage, different thickness, and different contents, and maintain Coordination of the ordering relationship between them.
According to this requirement and method, the packaging equipment purchased by the ordering party can obtain the following obvious advantages in military and economic aspects:
a. Ensure that the packaging equipment matches the equipment;
B. Ensure that troops receive timely, economical and effective packaging equipment, and that once the equipment is equipped, they can be matched to form operational capabilities;
c. The packaging matches the logistical support of the military (mainly refers to the equipment maintenance requirements) and reduces the secondary packaging of troops;
D. Avoidance of certain aspects higher than actual needs and reduce waste.
IV. Strategies for advancing military packaging system engineering in the new century In recent years, some military leaders have referred to the "Army Packaging System Project" in their speeches; the Navy and the Second Artillery have integrated packing, storage and transportation into the requirements for comprehensive equipment support. This shows that there has been a certain understanding of the military packaging system project, and has begun to do some work, but from the perspective of the results of the implementation, there is still a far cry from the goal to be achieved. From the study of the US military's implementation of the military packaging system project, the gap There are three main aspects: First, the implementation of the organization is not enough, the lack of guidance from authoritative organizations and regulatory documents; Second, the basic theory of the implementation of packaging systems engineering is not enough, lack of necessary technical support; Third, the construction of packaging information systems can not keep up, lack of necessary s method. In order to achieve the goals set for the implementation of the military packaging system project and draw lessons from the experience of the US military, we should do the following in the new century. First, the Military Packaging Committee, together with relevant departments, organized the formulation of the "Rules for the Implementation of Military Packaging System Projects", which was promulgated and implemented jointly by the General Logistics Department, the General Armament Department, and the National Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. The second document is to strengthen basic theoretical research on military packaging. The content of the study should include at least:
1. To carry out research on the US military's implementation of the military packaging system project. Provide experience for reference, so as to avoid detours and improve the starting point of research.
2. Carry out research on our army's existing packaging resources in order to fully understand the military situation, national conditions, and make full use of existing packaging resources.
3. Carry on the research of product packaging characteristics. The research of product packaging characteristics is an important comprehensive basic research topic in the field of packaging engineering. It plays a very important role in breaking through the traditional packaging design point of view, simplifying the packaging design, and improving the degree of product packaging universalization. The research on the packaging characteristics of the products mentioned in this article is different from the previous domestic studies. Instead, it has comprehensively analyzed the foundations of the technical contents of the US military's multiple packaging standards, and has different characteristics regarding the content, scope, role, and methods of its research. Its main points:
First, the scope and content of the product characteristics study must be systematically, comprehensively, and in depth than before. Specifically, it is necessary to study not only the category and connotation of product packaging characteristics, but also the impact of packaging design, and the combination of product packaging characteristics. A specific product characteristic directly requires a specific packaging method, and only when the packaging characteristics of the product are grouped, can the packaging method and the packaging material of each product be distinguished. On this basis, it is determined whether the product is a general-purpose packaging product, or whether it is a packaging-like product or a special-purpose packaging product. If it is a generic type, standard, mature packaging containers and packaging methods can be used. If the category is selected, only the standard packaging methods need to be properly improved. If it is a special category, special design should be carried out to meet the special packaging requirements.
The second is to pay attention to the two-way effect of product packaging characteristics on product design and packaging design. In other words, when designing a product, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the packaging characteristics of the product. Careful consideration should be given to the existing storage and transportation conditions, existing packaging equipment, in order to improve the product's transportability, and facilitate packaging and handling. use. That is, in the early product design, not only the functional design of the product, but also the reliability, maintainability, safety, security, and packaging design. For example, taking into account the product's decomposability or the use of deformed designs, the product's packaging volume can be reduced, which facilitates packaging and handling. Considering the surface treatment of products, the requirements for packaging protection can be reduced.
On the other hand, packaging design should take into consideration the requirements of product characteristics on packaging. When the existing packaging equipment can meet the requirements of product characteristics, the existing packaging equipment should be used when the existing packaging equipment can not meet the product characteristics. When required, special packaging equipment should be designed to ensure product safety.
Third, the research method is not limited to a specific product and solves a specific packaging method, but is classified and planned from a macro perspective. Through research on the characteristics of product packaging, find out the packaging properties of the product. In general, a large number of products can adopt general standard packaging equipment and packaging materials, or make certain improvements on the basis of general packaging equipment to meet packaging requirements. The need to design special packaging equipment to meet the special packaging requirements of the product is limited. This greatly increases